Role of Viddhakarma in the Management of Avabahuka (Frozen Shoulder): An Ayurvedic Case Report

Avabahuka is a classical Vatavyadhi described in Ayurvedic literature, characterized by Shoola (pain), Stambha (stiffness), and Bahu-praspandita hara (restriction of shoulder movements). Clinically, it closely correlates with Frozen Shoulder (Adhesive Capsulitis), a common musculoskeletal disorder that significantly impairs daily activities and quality of life. Conventional management includes analgesics, physiotherapy, intra-articular injections, and surgical interventions; however, these approaches often provide delayed relief and may be associated with adverse effects or recurrence. Ayurveda emphasizes para-surgical procedures such as Viddhakarma for the management of Snayu-Sandhi-Asthigata Vata disorders. Viddhakarma is a minimally invasive technique involving therapeutic pricking at specific anatomical sites to alleviate pain and restore functional movement by correcting localized Vata Dushti and improving circulation. The present case report documents the role of Viddhakarma in a 52-year-old male patient diagnosed with Avabahuka, presenting with chronic shoulder pain and restricted movements for four months. Viddhakarma was administered three times weekly for three sittings without any internal medication. Outcome assessment was done using pain intensity, range of motion, and functional ability of the shoulder joint. Marked improvement was observed in pain reduction, restoration of shoulder mobility, and daily activities, with no adverse effects. This case highlights Viddhakarma as an effective, safe, and economical therapeutic modality in the management of Avabahuka.