Murraya Koenigii: An Updated Review

Published:12 Jul 2012
visibility0 Viewsdownload4 Downloads
Vandana Jain1*, Munira Momin1, Kirti Laddha2

1 Oriental College of Pharmacy, Sector-2. Plot 4,5,6, Near Sanpada Railway station, Sanpada(W), Navi Mumbai 400705

2 University Institute of Chemical Technology, Pharmaceutical division, Matunga (E), Mumbai 400 019

Corresponding Author:Vandana Jain

subjectAbstract

Medicinal plants or their bioactive compounds have been utilized by developing countries for primary and traditional healthcare system since very long period of time. In several ancient systems of medicine including Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani, Murraya koenigii, a medicinally important herb from mainly Asian origin has vast number of therapeutic applications such as in bronchial disorders, piles, vomiting, skin diseases etc. The medicinal utilities have been described especially for leaf, stem, bark and oil. The well studied pharmacology and phytochemistry of M. koenigii and therapeutic potential of this plant needs to be compiled in form of review. The present review incorporates the description of M. koenigii, its phytochemical constituents and various pharmacological activities of isolated compounds as well as bioactivity of extract studies carried out by various numbers of laboratories. In addition to that, it highlights its potential to be the important nutraceutical for diabetes and cardioprotection.

sellKeywords

Murraya koenigiireviewphytochemistrybiological activity

format_list_numberedReferences

  1. Satyavati GV, Gupta AK, Tendon N, Medicinal Plants of India, Vol-2, Indian council of medical research, New Delhi India, 1987,289-299
  2. Kumar VS, Sharma A, Tiwari R, Sushil K. Murraya Koenigii-a review, JMAPS 1999; 21(4):
  3. Ito C. Studies On Medicinal Resources of Rutaceous Plants And Development To Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Natural Med. 2000; 54: 117-122.
  4. Nadkarni KM, Indian Materia Medica, Edition 3, Vol. I, Popular Prakashan, Mumbai, 1976, 196.
  5. Kirtikar KR, Basu BD. Indian Medicinal Plants, Edition 2, Vol. I, Oriental Enterprises, Uttarchal Pradesh, 1981, 473.
  6. Shah KJ, Juvekar AR. Positive inotropic effect of Murraya koenigii (Linn.) Spreng extract on an isolated perfused frog heart. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 2006; 44:481-484.
  7. Shrinivasan K. Plant foods in the management of diabetes mellitus: spices as beneficial antidiabetic food adjuncts. Int. J. Food Sci. Nutr. 2005; 56(6): 399-414.
  8. Manfred F, John MP, Dajaja DS, Douglas AK. Koenoline, a further cytotoxic carbazole alkaloid from Murraya koenigii. Phytochemistry, 1985; 24:3041-3043.
  9. The Wealth of India, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, 2003, 317.
  10. Ram HNA, Hatapakki BC, Hukkeri IV, Aryavaidyan J. 2002; 16 (1), 40-44.
  11. Kesari AN, Gupta RK, Watal G. Hypoglycemic Effects of Murraya koenigii on Normal and Alloxan- Diabetic Rabbits. Journal of Ethanopharmacolgy, 2005; 97:247-251.
  12. Xie JT, Chang WT, Wang CZ, Mehendale SR, Li J, Ambihaipahar, R, et.al. Murraya koenigii reduces blood cholesterol and glucose level in ob/ob mice. American Journal of Chinese Medicine, 2006; 34(22), 279-284.
  13. Rahman MM, Gray AI. A benzoisofuranone derivative and carbazole alkaloids from Murraya koenigii and their antimicrobial activity. Phytochemistry, 2005; 66:1601-1606.
  14. An update on Murayya Koenigii S: a multifunctional Ayurvedic herb. Journal of Chinese integrative medicine. 2012; 9(8):824-833.
  15. Raghunathan K, Mitra R, Pharmacognosy Of Indigenous Drugs, Central Council For Research In Ayurveda And Siddha, New Delhi, Vol. I: 433.
  16. Rao BRR, Rajput DK, Mallavarapu GR. Chemical diversity in curry leaf ( murayya koenigii) essential oil, Food Chem. 2011; 126(3): 989-994.
  17. Rao BRR, Rajput DK, Mallavarapu GR. Chemical diversity in curry leaf (Murraya koenigii) essential oils. Food Chem, 2011; 126(3): 989-994.
  18. Rana VS, Juyal JP, Rashmi, Blazquez MA. Chemical constituents of the volatile oil of Murraya koenigii leaves. Int J Aromather, 2004; 14(1): 23-25.
  19. Kumar VS, Sharma A, Tiwari R, Kumar S. Murraya koenigii (curry leaf): a review. J Med Arom Plant Sci. 1999; 21(4) : 1139-1141.
  20. Purohit SS, Sharma AK, Prajapati ND, Kumar T. A handbook of medicinal plants: a complete source book. Edition 2. Jodhpur: Agrobios (India). 2009, 352-353.
  21. Iyer UM, Mani UV. Studies on the effect of curry leaves supplementation (Murraya koenigi) on lipid profile, glycated proteins and amino acids in non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients. Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 1990; 40(4) : 275-282.
  22. Nutan MTH, Hasnat A, Rashid MA. Antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of Murraya koenigii. Fitoterapia, 1998; 69(2):173-175.
  23. Chakrabarty M, Nath A, Khasnobis S, Chakrabarty M, Konda Y, Harigaya Y, Komiyama K. Carbazole alkaloids from Murraya koenigii. Phytochemistry. 1997; 46(4) : 751-755.
  24. Ponnusamy S, Ravindran R, Zinjarde S, Bhargava S, Ravi Kumar A. Evaluation of traditional Indian antidiabetic medicinal plants for human pancreatic amylase inhibitory effect in vitro. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. Epub 2010 Sep 23
  25. Adebajo AC, Olayiwola G, Verspohl EJ, Iwalewa EO, Omisore NOA, Bergenthal D, et.al. Evaluation of the ethnomedical claims of Murraya koenigii. Pharm Biol. 2004; 42(8) : 610-620.
  26. Gandhi N, Pillai S, Patel P. Efficacy of pulverized Punica granatum (Lythraceae) and Murraya koenigii (Rutaceae) leaves against stored grain pest Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Int J Agric Biol 2010; 12(4): 616-620.
  27. Mandal S, Nayak A, Kar M, Banerjee SK, Das A, Upadhyay SN et.al, Antidiarrhoeal activity of carbazole alkaloids from Murraya koenigii Spreng (Rutaceae) seeds. Fitoterapia 2010; 8(1):72-74.
  28. Ningappaa MB, Dhananjayaa BL, Dineshaa R, Harshaa R, Srinivas L. Potent antibacterial property of APC protein from curry leaves (Murraya koenigii L. Food Chem 2010; 118(3):747-750.
  29. Khuntia TK, Panda DS. Evaluation of antibacterial, antifungal and anthelmintic activity of Murraya koenigii Spreng. Pharma Sci Monit 2011; 2(2):105-110.
  30. Prakash V, Natarajan CP, Studies On Curry Leaf, J. Food Sci. And Technol. 1974, 11: 284-286.
  31. Palaniswamy UR., Caporuscio C, Stuart J, A Chemical Analysis Of Antioxidant Vitamins In Fresh Curry Leaves By Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography With UV Detection, Acta Horti. 2003; 620: 475-478.
  32. Bhaskarachary K, Sankar Rao DS, Deosthale YG, Reddy V, Carotene Content Of Some Common And Less Familiar Foods Of Plant Origin, Food Chem. 1995;54:189-193.
  33. Tee E. Song, Carotenoid Composition And Content Of Malaysian Vegetables And Fruits By The AOAC And HPLC Methods, Food Chem.1991; 41:309-339.
  34. Tachibana Y, Kikuzaki H, Lajis NH, Nakatani N, Comparison Of Anti Oxidative Properties Of Carbazole Alkaloids From Murraya koenigii Leaves, J. Agric. Food Chem.2003;51: 6461-6467.
  35. Tachibana Y, Kikuzaki H, Lajis NH, Nakatani N, Anti Oxidative Activity Of Carbazoles Form Murraya koenigii Leaves, J. Agric. Food. Chem. 2001; 49: 5589-5594.
  36. Adesina SK, Olatunji OA, Brgenthal D, Reisch J, New Biogenetically Significant Constituents Of Clausena anisata And Murraya koenigii, Pharmazie, 1988;43(3): 221-222.
  37. Chowdhury BK. Jha S., Bhattacharya P, Mukherjee J, Two New Carbazole Alkaloids Form Murraya koenigii, Indian Jour. Chem. 2001;Sect B, 40 В (6): 490-494.
  38. Narasimha NS, Paradkar MV, Chitguppi VP, Kelkar SL, Alkaloids Of Murraya koenigii: Structures Of Mahanimbine, Koenimbine, (-) Mahanine, Koenine, Koenigine, Koenidine And (+)- Isomahanimbine, Indian. Jour. Chem.1975; 13(10): 993-999.
  39. Joshi BS, Kamat VN, Gawd DH, Structures Of Girinimbine, Mahanimbine, Isomahanimbine, Koenimbidine And Murrayacine, Tetrahedron, 1970;26(6): 1475- 1482.
  40. Nutan MTH, Hasan CM, Rashid MA, Bismurrayafoline E: A New Dimeric Carbazole Alkaloid Form Murraya Koenigii, Fitoterapia, 1999; 70(2): 130-133.
  41. Kureel SP, Kapil RS, Popli SP. Two Novel Alkaloids Form Murraya Koenigii: Mahnimbicine And Bicyclomahanimbicine, Chem. Ind. (London), 1970; 29: 958.
  42. Kureel SP, Kapil RS, Popli SP. Terpenoid Alkaloids Form Murraya koenigii Spreng- II: Constitution Of Cyclomahanimbine, Bicyclomahanimbine And Mahanimbidine, Tetrahedron Lett, 1969;44:3857-3862.
  43. Mukherjee M, Mukherjee S, Shaw AK, Ganguly SN, Mukonicine, A Carbazole Alkaloid Form Leaves Of Murraya koenigii, Phytochemistry, 1983;22(10):2328-2329.
  44. Wang YS, He HP, Hong X, Zhao Q, Hao XJ, A New Binary Carbazole Alkaloid From Murraya koenigii, Chinese Chem. Letters,2002; 13(9): 849-850.
  45. Atta-Ur- Rahman, Zaidi R., Firdous S, NMR Studies On Mahanine, Fitoterapia, 1988; 59 (6):494-495.
  46. Gupta GL, Nigam SS, Chemical Examination Of Leaves Of Murraya Koenigii, Planta Med, 1971;19(1): 83-86.
  47. Yun SW, Hong PH, Yue MS, Xin Hong, Xiao JH, Two New Carbazole Alkaloids From Murraya koenigii, J Nat. Prod, 2003;66: 416-418.
  48. Kumar NS, Mukharjee PK, Bhadra S, Saha BP, Pal BC, Phytother.Res. 2010; 24:629-631.
  49. Gupta RS, Singh D, Protective nature of Murraya Koenigii leaves against hepatosupression through antioxidant status in experimental rats. Pharmacologyonline, 2007; 1: 232-242.
  50. Saha C, Chowdhury BK, Carbazoloquinones Form Murraya koenigii, Phytochemistry, 1998; 48 (2): 363-366.
  51. Chakraborty M, Nath AC, Khasnobis S, Chakrabarty M, Konda Y, Harigaya Y et.al, Carbazole Alkaloids From Murraya koenigii, Phytochemistry, 1997;46 (4): 751-755.
  52. Bhattacharya P, Maiti A. K., Basu K, Chowdhury B. K., Carbazole Alkaloids From Murraya koenigii, Phytochemistry,1994; 35(4):1085-1086.
  53. Bhattacharya P, Chakraborty A, Mukonal A. Probable Biogenetic Intermediate Of Pyrano Carbazole Alkaloid Form Murraya koenigii, Phytochemistry,1984;23(2):471-472.
  54. Bhattacharya L, Chatterjee SK, Roy S, Chakraborty DP, Murrayazolinol- A Minor Carbazole Alkaloid Form Murraya koenigii Spreng, J. Indian. Chem. Soc., 1989; 66(2):140-141.
  55. Rama Rao AV, Bhide KS, Mujumdar RB, Mahanimbinol, Chem. Ind. (London),1980; 17: 697-698.
  56. Chakrabory DP, Bhattacharya P, Mitra AR, Murrayazolidine, Chem. Ind. (London),1974; 6: 260.
  57. Chakraborty DP, Islam A, Basak SP, Das R, Structure Of Murrayazolidine: The First Pentacyclic Carbazole Alkaloid, Chem. Ind. (London),1970; 18:593-594.
  58. Chakarborty DP, Bhattacharya P, Islam A, Roy S, Chemical Taxonomy: XXXV. Structure Of Murrayacinine, A New Carbazole Alkaloid Form Murraya koenigii, Chem. Ind. (London),1974; 4: 165-166.
  59. Chakraborty DP, Roy S, Guha R, Structure Of Mukonidine, J. Ind. Chem. Soc,1978; Vol LV: 1114-1115.
  60. Chakraborty DP, Ganguly SN., Maji PN, Mitra AR, Das KC, Weinstein B, Chemical Taxonomy: XXXII, Murrayazolinine, A Carbazole Alkaloid From Murraya koenigii, Chem. Ind. (London),1973; 7:322-333.
  61. Das, KC, Chakraborty DP, Bose PK, Antifungal Activity Of Some Constituents Of Murraya koenigii, Experimentia,1965; 21(6): 340
  62. Reisch J, Adebazo AC, Kumar V, Aladesanmi AJ, Two Carbazole Alkaloids From Murraya koenigii, Phytochemistry,1994; 36(4):1073-1076.
  63. Srivastava SK, Srivastava SD, New Constituents And Biological Activity Of The Roots Of Murraya Koenigii, J. Indian. Chem. Soc, 1993;70(7):655-659.
  64. Chihiro I, Thoyama Y, Omura M, Kajiura I, Furukawa H, Alkaloid Constituents Of Murraya koenigii. Isolation And Structure Elucidation Of Novel Binary Carbazolequinones And Carbazole Alkaloids, Chem. Pharm. Bull.1993;41(12):2096-2100.
  65. Bandyopadhyaya S, Roy KC, Roy M, Pal BC, Bhandra R, Das K, Bhattacharya S, An Herbal Composition For The Treatment Of Bronchial Respiratory Disorders, PCT Int.Appl. WO 03 13, 564 (Cl A61k35/78), 20 Feb 2003, US Appl. 985, 160, 1 Nov 2001, 38 Pp.
  66. Kong Yun Cheung, Ng, Kam Hung, But P. P. H., Li Qian, Yu Si Xao et.al, Sources Of Anti Implantation Alkaloid Yuehchukene In The Genus Murraya, J. Ethnopharmacol, 1986; 15(2):195-200.
  67. Reisch Johannes, Adebajo Adeleke C, Aladesanmi Adetunji J, Adesina Kolawole Set.al, Chemotypes Of Murraya koenigii Growing In Sri Lanka, Planta Med.1994; 60(3):295-296.
  68. Bhattacharya P, Chowdhury BK, 2-Methoxy- 3- Methyl Carbazole From Murraya koenigii, Indian J. Chem, 1984;Sect. B, 24 B (4):452.
  69. Mandal S, Nayak A, Kar M, Banergee SK, Upadyay SN, Singh RK, et.al, Fitotherapia, 2010; 81(1):72-74.
  70. Narsimha NS, Paradkar MV, Chitguppi VP, Structure Of Mahanimbine And Koenimbine, Tetrahedron Lett,1968; 53:5501-5504.
  71. Reisch Johannes, Goj Olav, Wickramasinghe Anura, Herath HMT, Henkel Gerald, Natural Products Chemistry, Part 148, Carbazole Alkaloid From Seeds Of Murraya koenigii, Phytochemistry, 1992;31(8):2877-2879.
  72. Adebajo Adeleke C, Olugbade Tiwalade A, Elujoba Anthony A, Aladesanmi Adetunji J, J Reisch Johannes, 2', 3' Epoxyindicolactone From Murraya koenigii, Niger. J. Nat. Prod. Med., 1997;1(1): 21-24.
  73. tAdebajo Adeleke C, Reisch Johannes, Minor Furocoumarins Of Murraya koenigii, Fitoterapia, 2000;71(3):334-337.
  74. Reisch Johannes, Bergenthal Dieter, Adebajo Adeleke C, Aladesanmi Adetunji J, Furocoumarins Of Murraya koenigii Seeds, Fitoterapia, 1994;65(4):380-381.
  75. Jain Ravindra K, Srivstava Savitri D, Anti-Inflammatory, Anti Microbial And Phytochemical Studies On The Stem Bark Of Murraya koenigii, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., India, 1992; Sect A., 62(1):5-9.
  76. Bhattacharya P, Chakrabory A, 3- (1,1- Dimethyl Allyl) Xanthyletin From Murraya koenigii Spreng, J. Indian Chem. Soc.1984; 61(7):650-651.
  77. Chowdhury BK, Chakraborty Debi B., Taxonomy XXVIII, Mukeic Acid; First Carbazole Carboxylic Acid Form A Plant Source, Phytochemistry, 1971; 10(8):1967-1970.
  78. Chowdhury BK, Chakraborty Debi B., Taxonomy XVIII, Mukoeic Acid; First Carbazole Carboxylic Acid Form Plant Sources, Chem. Ind., (London),1969; 17:549.
  79. Hemavathy J, Lipid Composition Of Murraya koenigii Seed, J. Am. Oil. Chem. Soc.,1991; 68(9):651-652.
  80. Vaskudevan Padma, Tandon Mamta, Pathak Namrata, Fluid Carbon Dioxide Extraction And Hydro Distillation Of Certain Bio Cidal Essential Oils And Their Constituents, J. Sci. Ind. Res., 1997; 56(11):662-672.
  81. Lal RK, Sharma JR, Naqui AA, Singh N, Phenotypic And Genetic Variability For Morphometric Traits And Essential Oil Composition In Diverse Origin Germ Plasm Lines Of Curry Neem, J. Med. Aromat. Plant. Sci.2001; 23(3):392-398.
  82. Chowdhury AR, Essential Oil Form The Leaves Of Murraya koenigii Spreng, J. Med. Aromat. Plant Sci. 2000; 22(1B): 643-645.
  83. Lal RK, Sharma JR, Singh N, Misra HO Naqui A, Genetic Associations And Diversity In The Genetic Resources Of Curry Neem, J. Med. Aromat. Plant. Sci. 2001; 22/4A-23/1 A: 216-220.
  84. Mallavarapu Gopal R, Ramesh S, Syamasunder KV, Chandrashekhara RS, Composition Of Indian Curry Leaf Oil, J. Essent. Oil. Res.,1999; 11(2):176-178.
  85. Li Qian, Zhu Liangfeng But PPH., Kong Yun Cheung, Chang Hungta, Waterman Peter G, Monoterpene And Sesquiterepene Rich Oils Form The Leaves Of Murraya Species: Chemotaxonomical Significance, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 1988; 16(5):491-494.
  86. Mac Leod, Alexander J, Pieris Nirmala M., Analysis Of Essential Oil Of Murraya koenigii And Pandanus latifolius, Phytochemsitry,1982; 21(7):1653-1657.
  87. Wong KC, Tie DY, The Essential Oil Of The Leaves Of Murraya koenigii Spreng, J. Essent. Oil.Res., 1993; 5(4): 371-374.
  88. Khan PA, Abraham A, Lellamma, Antioxidant effects of curry leaf (Murraya koenigii) and mustard seeds (Brassica juncea) in rats fed with high fat diet .Indian J. Exptl .Biol. 1997; 35(2) :148-50.
  89. Olubunmi A. Onayade, Adeleke C. Adebajo. Composition of the Leaf Volatile Oil of Murraya koenigii growing in Nigeria. Journal of Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants; 2001, 7(4): 59 – 66.
  90. Wong KC, Chee SG, Volatile Constituents Of Murraya koenigii Spreng Flowers, J. Essent. Oil.Res., 1996, 8(5):545-547.
  91. Awasthi PK. Chemical Constituents of Volatile oil of Murraya koenigii Fruits from the Plains of Northern India, Journal of Pharmacy Research, 2011,4(7):2201-2202.
  92. Ramsewak RS, Nair MG, Strasburg GM, Dewitt DL, Nitiss JL, Biologically Active Carbazole Alkaloids From Murraya koenigii, J. Agric Food. Chem, 1999; 47:444-447.
  93. Ningappaa MB, Dineshaa R, Srinivasa L. Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of polyphenol-enriched curry leaf (Murraya koenigii L.) extracts. Food Chem, 2008; 106(2) :720-728.
  94. Gupta V, Sharma M. Protective effect of Murraya koenigii on lipid peroxide formation in isolated rat liver homogenate. Int J Pharma Bio Sci, 2010;1(3):1-6.
  95. Gupta S, Prakash J. Studies on Indian green leafy vegetables for their antioxidant activity. Plant Foods Hum Nutr, 2009; 64(1) : 39-45.
  96. Rao LJM, Ramalakshmia K, Borsea BB, Raghavana B. Antioxidant and radical-scavenging carbazole alkaloids from the oleoresin of curry leaf (Murraya koenigii Spreng.. Food Chem, 2007; 100(2):742-747.
  97. Tembhurne SV, Sakarkar DM. Protective effect of Murraya koenigii (L) leaves extract in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats involving possible antioxidant mechanism. J Med Plant Res, 2010; 4(22):2418-2423.
  98. Bandyopadhyaya Santu, Roy Keshab Chandra, Roy Mitali, Pal Bikash Chandra, Bhandra Ranjan, Das Krishna, Bhattacharya Samir (India), Herbal Composition Of Blend Of Active Components Prepared Form Murraya koenigii And Piper betle Useful For Blocking Of 5- Lipooxygenase Activity, US Pat. Appl. Publ. US 2002, 86, 068, (Cl. 424-734: A61k35/78) 4 Jul. 2002, US Appl. 925, 415, 10 Aug 2001; 12 Pp Cont In Part Of U.S. Ser. No 925, 415.
  99. Mahajan Minakshi, Patil Monali, Antioxidant Activity And Organic Constituents Of Curry Leaf Tree, Asian Journal Of Microbiology, Biotechnology And Environmental Sciences, 2004; 6(2):323-324.
  100. Baliga Manjeshwar Shrinath, Jagetia Ganesh Chandra, Rao Shaival Kamalaksha, Kiran Babu S., Evaluation Of Nitric Oxide Scavenging Activity Of Certain Species In Vitro: A Preliminary Study, Nahrung,2003; 47(4):261-264.
  101. Sujatha R., Srinivas L, Modulaton Of Lipid Peroxidation By Dietary Components, Toxicol. In Vitro,1995; 9(3):231-236.
  102. Fiebig Manfred, Pezzuto John M., Soejarto Djaja D., Plant Anticancer Agents. Part 40, Koenoline A Further Cytotoxic Carbazole Alkaloid From Murraya koenigii, Phytochemistry, 1985; 24(12):3041-3043.
  103. Khan Beena A, Abraham Annie, Leelamma S., Hypoglycemic Action Of Murraya koenigii And Brassica juncea: Mechanism Of Action, Indian J. Biochem. Biophys.,1995; 32(2):106-108.
  104. William Felicia, Lakshminarayan S, Chegu Hariprasad, Effect Of Some Indian Vegetables On The Glucose And Insulin Response In Diabetic Subjects, Int. J. Food. Sci. Nutr.,1993; 44(3):191-196.
  105. Vinuthan MK, Girish Kumar V, Ravindra JP, Jayaprakash, Narayana K. Effect of extracts of Murraya koenigii leaves on the levels of blood glucose and plasma insulin in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol, 2004; 48(3):348-352.
  106. Lawal HA, Atiku MK, Khelpai DG, Wannang NN. Hypoglycaemic and hypolipidaemic effect of aqueous leaf extract of Murraya koenigii in normal and alloxan-diabetic rats. Niger J Physiol Sci, 2008; 23(1-2):37-40.
  107. Dineshkumar B, Mitra A, Mahadevappa M. Antidiabetic and hypolipidemic effects of mahanimbine (carbazole alkaloid) from Murraya koenigii (Rutaceae) leaves[J]. Int J Phytomed, 2010; 2(1):22-30.
  108. Tembhurne SV, Sakarkar DM. Hypoglycemic effects of fruit juice of Murraya koenigii (L) in alloxan induced diabetic mice. Int J PharmTech Res, 2009; 1(4):1589-1593.
  109. Chatterji S, Singh RK, Shukla S, Yadav DK, Watal G. Glycemic effect of freeze dried Murraya koenigii — an evidence based study. Int J Pharma Bio Sci, 2010; 1(2):1-9.
  110. Kesari AN, Gupta RK, Watal G. Hypoglycemic effects of Murraya koenigii on normal and alloxan-diabetic rabbits. J Ethnopharmacol, 2005; 97(2):247-251.
  111. Yadav S, Vats V, Dhunnoo Y, Grover JK. Hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic activity of Murraya koenigii leaves in diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol, 2002; 82(2-3):111-116.
  112. Arulselvan P, Subramanian SP. Beneficial effects of Murraya koenigii leaves on antioxidant defense system and ultra structural changes of pancreatic β-cells in experimental diabetes in rats. Chem Biol Interact, 2007; 165(2):155-164.
  113. Birari R, Roy SK, Singh A, Bhutani KK. Pancreatic lipase inhibitory alkaloids of Murraya koenigii leaves. Nat Prod Commun, 2009; 4(8):1089-1092.
  114. Prasad SK, Kulshreshtha A, Qureshi TN. Antidiabetic activity of some herbal plants in streptozotocin induced diabetic albino rats. Pak J Nutr, 2009; 8(5):551-557.
  115. Khan BA, Abraham A, Leelamma S. Hypoglycemic action of Murraya koenigii (curry leaf) and Brassica juncea (mustard): mechanism of action. Indian J Biochem Biophys, 1995; 32(2):106-108.
  116. Arulselvan P, Subramanian S. Effect of Murraya koenigii leaf extract on carbohydrate metabolism studied in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Int J Biol Chem, 2007; 1(1):21-28.
  117. Birari R, Javia V, Bhutani KK. Antiobesity and lipid lowering effects of Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng leaves extracts and mahanimbine on high fat diet induced obese rats. Fitoterapia, 2010; 81(8):1129-1133
  118. Paul S, Bandyopadhyay TK, Bhattacharyya A. Immunomodulatory effect of leaf extract of Murraya koenigii in diabetic mice. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2011; 14: 158.
  119. Sathaye S, Bagul Y, Gupta S, Kaur H, Redkar R. Hepatoprotective effects of aqueous leaf extract and crude isolates of Murraya koenigii against in vitro ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity model. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2010; 5:18.
  120. Pande MS, Gupta SPBN, Pathak A. Hepatoprotective activity of Murraya koenigii Linn bark. J Herb Med Toxicol, 2009; 3(1):69-71.
  121. Iyer U.M., Mani U.V., Studies On The Effect Of Curry Leave Supplementation On Lipid Profile, Glycated Proteins And Amino Acids In NIDDM Patients, Plant Foods Hum. Nutr., 1990; 40(4): 275-282.
  122. Shimomura Kenji, Hattori Fumihiro, Skin Composition Containing Conchiolin Hydrolyzates And Plant Extracts: Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 2001, 316, 239 (Cl. A 61k7/48). 13 Nov 2001, Appl. 2000/136, 952, 10 May 2000, 14 Pp (Japan).
  123. Srivastava Sanajy, Singh RP., Anti Fungal Activity Of Essential Oil Of Murraya koenigii Spreng, Indian Perfumer, 2001; 45(1): 49-51.
  124. Akerel O, Ayinde BA., Antibacterial Activity Of The Volatile Oil And Aqueous Extract Of Murraya koenigii Leaves, Niger. J. Nat. Prod. Med.,1998; 2:44-45.
  125. Nutan MTH, Hasnat A, Rashid MA, Antibacterial And Cytotoxic Activities Of Murraya koenigii, Fitoterapia,1998; 69(2):173-175..
  126. Inahata Keishiro, Shin Kunio, (Inahat Korya Kk, Nippon Funmatsu Ykuhin Kk. Japan), Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 08, 225, 420(96,225, 420) (Cl. A 01 N 65/00), 3 Sep 1996, Appl. 94/ 331, 644, 9 Dec 1994, 9 Pp. (Japan), Microbicides Useful In Pharmaceutical Cosmetic And Food Preparation.
  127. Tanaka Rin, Morishima Midori Shibuya Koji, Maedo Nobuko, Shimoda Shinji, Tanaka Shu, Kawasaki Kenzo, Effect Of Murraya Extract On Experimental Carries, Shika Yakubutsu Ryoho, 1998; 17(3):161-166.
  128. Inahata Keishiro, Nakasugi Toru Matsumura Shinichi, Nakahara Satoe, (Inahata Koryo Co. Ltd. Japan), Foods Containing Murraya Extract For Prevention And Control Of Bad Breath Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 09, 238, 648 (97, 238, 648) (Cl A 23 L1/30), 16 Sep 1997, Appl. 96/80, 599, 7 Mar 1996, 8 Pp (Japan).
  129. Tokida Fumihiko, Yamazaki Yoji, Shibuya Koji (Lion Corp. Japan), Oral Disinfectant Formulations, Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 08, 231, 363, (96, 231, 363) (Cl A61k7/26), 10 Sep 1996, Appl. 95/61, 638, 24 Feb 1995, 6 Pp (Japan)
  130. Birari R, Roy SK, Singh A, Bhutani KK, Pancreatic lipase inhibitory alkaloids of Murraya koenigii leaves. Nat Prod Commun. 2009; 4(8):1089-92.
  131. Khan BA, Abraham Annie, Leelamma S, Antioxidant Effects Of Curry Leaf Murraya koenigii And Mustard Seeds, Brasica juncea In Rats Fed With High Fat Diet, Ind. Jour. Exp. Biol., 1997; 35: 148-150.
  132. S.Yih Yih Kok, Lim Yang Mooi, Kartini Ahmad, Mohd Aspollah Sukari et.al, Anti- Tumour Promoting Activity and Antioxidant Properties of Girinimbine Isolated from the Stem Bark of Murraya koenigii Molecules 2012; 17(4): 4651-4660.
  133. Roy MK, Thalang VN, Trakoontivakorn G, Nakahara K. Mechanism of mahanine-induced apoptosis in human leukemia cells (HL-60). Biochem Pharmacol, 2004; 67(1) : 41-51.
  134. Bhattacharya K, Samanta SK, Tripathi R, Mallick A, Chandra S, Pal BC, Shaha C, Mandal C. Apoptotic effects of mahanine on human leukemic cells are mediated through crosstalk between Apo-1/Fas signaling and the Bid protein and via mitochondrial pathways. Biochem Pharmacol, 2010; 79(3):361-372.
  135. Parmar S, Gangwal A, Sheth N. Mast cell membrane stabilization and anti-histaminic actions — possible mechanism of action of anti-inflammatory action of Murraya koenigii. J Curr Pharm Res, 2010; 2(1):21-25.
  136. Darvekar VM, Patil VR, Choudhari AB. Anti-inflammatory activity of Murraya koenigii Spreng on experimental animals. J Nat Prod Plant Resour, 2011; 1(1):65-69.
  137. Mathur A, Prasad GBKS, Dua VK. Anti-inflammatory activity of leaves extracts of Murraya koenigii L. Int J Pharma Bio Sci, 2011; 2(1):541-544.
  138. Mathur A, Verma SK, Singh SK, Prasad GBKS, Dua VK. Investigation of the antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of compound isolated from Murraya koenigii. Int J Appl Biol Pharm Technol, 2011; 2(1):470-477.
  139. Gupta S, George M, Singhal M, Sharma GN, Grag V. Leaves extract of Murraya koenigii Linn for anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity in animal models. J Adv Pharm Technol Res, 2010; 1(1):68-77.
  140. Shah AS, Wakade AS, Juvekar AR. Immunomodulatory activity of methanolic extract of Murraya koenigii (L) Spreng. leaves. Indian J Exp Biol, 2008; 46(7):505-509.
  141. Shah AS, Juvekar AR. Immunostimulatory activity of aqueous extract of Murraya koenigii (Linn.) Spreng. leaves. Indian J Nat Pro Resour, 2010; 1(2) 450-455.
  142. Elina Mitraa, Arnab K. Ghosha, Debosree Ghosha, Debasri Mukherjeea et.al, Protectiveeffect of aqueousCurryleaf (Murraya koenigii) extract against cadmium-induced oxidative stress in rat heart, Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2012; 50(5):1340–1353.
  143. Wang YS, He HP, Shen YM, Hong X, Hao XJ. Two new carbazole alkaloids from Murraya koenigii. J Nat Prod, 2003; 66(3):416-418.
  144. Kumar NS, Mukherjee PK, Bhadra S, Saha BP, Pal BC, Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory potential of a carbazole alkaloid, mahanimbine, from Murraya koenigii. Phytother Res. 2010; 24(4):629-31.
  145. Vasudevan Mani, Kalavathy Ramasamy, Aliya Ahmad, Milind Parle, Syed Adnan Ali Shah, et.al, Protective effects of total alkaloidal extract from Murrayakoenigii leaves on experimentally induced dementia, Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2012; 50 (3–4):1036–1044.
  146. Birari R, Javia V, Bhutani KK, Antiobesity and lipid lowering effects of Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng leaves extracts and mahanimbine on high fat diet induced obese rats. Fitoterapia, 2010; 81(8):1129-33.
  147. Vasudevan M, Parle M. Antiamnesic potential of Murraya koenigii leaves. Phytother Res, 2009; 23(3):308-316.
  148. Patidar DK, Yadav N, Nakra V, Sharma P, Bagherwal A. Wound healing activity of Murraya koenigii leaf extract. Int J Compr Pharm, 2010; 4(9) : 1-2.
  149. Yankuzo H, Ahmed QU, Santosa RI, Akter SF, Talib NA. Beneficial effect of the leaves of Murraya koenigii (Linn.) Spreng (Rutaceae) on diabetes-induced renal damage in vivo. J Ethnopharmacol, 2011; 135(1):88-94.
  150. Patel VR, Patel MG, Patel RK. Anti-pyretic activity of the ethanolic extract of the powdered leaves of Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng. J Pharm Res, 2009; 2(4):731-732.
  151. Khan BA, Abraham A, Leelamma S. Haematological & histological studies after curry leaf (Murraya koenigii) & mustard (Brassica juncea) feeding in rats. Indian J Med Res, 1995; 102: 184-186.
  152. Deepa I, Devi PU. Radioprotective activity of Murraya koenigii (L.) on cellular antioxidants in Swiss albino mice. J Pharm Res, 2009; 2(3):495-501.
  153. Goswami RB, Khare P, Singh S, Goswami N, Thomas P, Devi PU, Pathak AK. Studies on antigenotoxic effect of Murraya koenigii leaves. Int J Pharma Recent Res, 2010; 2(21):65-68.
  154. Patidar DK. Anti-ulcer activity of aqueous extract of Murraya koenigii in albino rats. Int J Pharma Bio Sci, 2011; 2(1):524-529
  155. Adebajo AC, Ayoola OF, Iwalewa EO, Akindahunsi AA, Omisore NO, Adewunmi CO et.al, Anti-trichomonal, biochemical and toxicological activities of methanolic extract and some carbazole alkaloids isolated from the leaves of Murraya koenigii growing in Nigeria. Phytomedicine, 2006; 13(4):246-254.
  156. Nanba Tsuneo, Hatsutori Yukio, Shimomura Kenji, Nakamura Masami, Extraction Of Hyaluronidase Inhibitors Form Azadirachta indica Or Other Plants For Manufacturing Cosmetics Or For Therapeutic Use, Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 07, 138, 180, (95, 138, 180) (Cl A61k35/78), 30 May 1995, Appl. 93/283, 728, 12 Nov 1993; 7 Pp.
  157. Das P. B., Chowdhury D. N., Choudhury B., Das G. K., Choudhury T. Roy, Studies On Some Alkaloids For Toxicity On The Larvae Of Culex qinquefasciatus, Ind J. Enviorn. Health,1996; 38(2):81-85.
  158. Sharma US, Sharma UK, Singh A, Sutar N, Singh PJ. In vitro anthelmintic activity of Murraya koenigii Linn. leaves extracts. Int J Pharma Bio Sci, 2010; 1(3):1-4.
  159. Khuntia TK, Panda DS. Evaluation of antibacterial, antifungal and anthelmintic activity of Murraya koenigii Spreng. Pharma Sci Monit, 2011; 2(2):105-110.

How to Cite

Jain, V., Momin, M., & Laddha, K. (2012). Murraya Koenigii: An Updated Review. International Journal of Ayurvedic and Herbal Medicine, 2(4). https://doi.org/10.31142/ijahm/v2i4.03

APA

American Psychological Association Style