Volume 11, Issue 5

In recent times the liver dysfunction has gained significant importance as a precursor and for a broad range of metabolic disorders. Both, chronic and acute liver diseases irrespective of age, sex, region or race are the major cause of morbidity and mortality across the world. Natural products are used and examined for various types of liver disorders. Large number of compound formulations and single drugs from Ayurved, Siddha and Unani systems are commonly used without much adverse effects to manage a variety of liver disorders. Various liver diseases are described in Ayurveda, Unani and Siddha systems that are explained in the light of presently available biomedical information. This review is outcome of a systematic effort and analyses of hepatoprotective formulations and ingredients particularly in the context of contextual and clinical information and research undertaken. An attempt has been made to shortlist twenty-five (25) potential medicinal plants out of 106. The enlistment of these 25 plants with relevant updated information as compiled and categorised will provide insights to choose possible treatment approaches and to examine further potentials. This review can help enhance translational research by connecting fundamentals of traditional systems with the modern scientific parameters and thereby reducing the screening time, efforts and costs.

Background: On an average 50% of the anemia worldwide is assumed to be due to iron deficiency. Globally Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) ranks number 9 among 26 risk factors. IDA is considered to be one of most prevalent form of malnutrition1. Darvyadi Loha2 is considered as a safe and effective formulation for the management of Pandu Roga (Anemia). Darvyadi Loha is a herbo-mineral preparation which consists of Darvi, Haritaki, Vibhitaki, Amalaki, Shunti, Maricha, Pippali, Vidanga and Loha Bhasma in equal proportion. Since this medicine is administered even to children for Pandu Roga, the powder microscopy and HPTLC study is essential to authenticate this particular drug. Aims and Objectives: To standardise and evaluate the different constituents present in Darvyadi Loha by HPTLC and powder microscopy. Methodology: HPTLC: One gram of Darvyadi Loha Choorna content was dissolved in 10 ml ethanol and kept for cold percolation for 24h and filtered. 4 µl, 8 µl and 12µl of the above samples of were applied on a pre-coated silica gel F254 on aluminium plates to a band width of 7 mm using Linomat 5 TLC applicator. The plate was developed in Toluene: Ethyl acetate (9.0: 1.0). The developed plates were visualized in UV 254, 366 nm and then derivatised with vanillin sulphuric acid reagent and scanned under UV 254 and 366 nm. Rf, colour of the spots and densitometric scan were recorded. Powder microscopy: Pinch of Darvyadi Loha Choorna previously sieved is put on the slide and mounted in glycerine and powder characters are observed under the Zeiss AXIO trinocular microscope attached with Zeiss Axio Cam camera under bright field light. Result: Under Short UV, 3 peaks were observed for Darvayadi Loha. 6 Peaks were observed under long UV for Darvyadi Loha. Under post derivatisation, 6 peaks were observed for Darvyadi Loha.The Powder microscopy of the given sample of Darvyadi Loha was assessed. Conclusion: The results of powder microscopy can be considered for standardisation of Darvyadi Loha. The peaks observed in HPTLC can be considered for fingerprint profile analysis.

Toxicology studies helps to determine short term and long term adverse effects of a drug. The present study was done to evaluate the acute toxicity of powder (choorna) of rhizome of Drynaria quercifolia (L.) J. Sm. 15 male and 15 female Wistar Albino rats were used for the purpose. Single time oral administration of suspension of powdered rhizome was given in four doses viz 0.2 g (Half the calculated effective dose), 0.4 g (calculated effective dose), 0.8 gm (Two times the calculated effective dose) and 1.6 gm (Four times the calculated effective dose) per 200g body weight of rat. Changes in body weight, food and water intake and cage side observations were done for 14 days. On 15th day gross necropsy were done. There was no abnormal cage side observations, mortality and pathological changes of internal organs on necropsy in any of the treated groups even at highest dose of 1.6 gm/ 200 gm body weight.

Hypertension is a major problem faced by the public in present era. The prevalence of hypertension ranges from 20-40% in urban adults and 12-17% among rural adults. The number of people with hypertension is captured to increase from 118 million in 2000 to 214 million in 2025, with nearly equal numbers of men and women.[1] A survey of 26,000 adults in South India showed a hypertension prevalence of 20% (men 23% and women 17%) but 67% were unaware of their diagnosis. Most of the hypertensive remain undetected and noticed only after occurrence of stroke or some major diseases. Control of Hypertension is also improper and insufficient. This calls for urgent prevention and control measures for hypertension.[2]Hypertension is uniquely said to be a silent killer. In classical Texts there is no reference regarding Essential Hypertension as the naming of a disease is not important but the condition of doshas we have to assess, for the proper treatment or management. A few clinical studies being conducted on Essential Hypertension throughout India was selected. [3]This is an attempt to review the 5 clinical studies of Essential Hypertension with their influence in the samprapti vighatana and in the proper management level.